GENUINE ALLIGATOR HEAD

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Alligators and caimans split in North America during the early Tertiary or late Cretaceous (about 53 million to about 65 million years ago). [4] [5] The Chinese alligator split from the American alligator about 33 million years ago [4] and probably descended from a lineage that crossed the Bering land bridge during the Neogene. The modern American alligator is well represented in the fossil record of the Pleistocene. [1] The alligator's full mitochondrial genome was sequenced in the 1990s. [6] The full genome, published in 2014, suggests that the alligator evolved much more slowly than mammals and birds. [7] Phylogeny

a b Brochu, C.A. (1999). "Phylogenetics, taxonomy, and historical biogeography of Alligatoroidea". Memoir (Society of Vertebrate Paleontology). 6: 9–100. doi: 10.2307/3889340. JSTOR 3889340. American alligators are found in the southeast United States: all of Florida and Louisiana; the southern parts of Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi; coastal South and North Carolina; East Texas, the southeast corner of Oklahoma, and the southern tip of Arkansas. Louisiana has the largest alligator population. [20] The majority of American alligators inhabit Florida and Louisiana, with over a million alligators in each state. Southern Florida is the only place where both alligators and crocodiles live side by side. [21] [22] Can Animals Predict Disaster? – Listening to Infrasound | Nature". PBS. 2004-12-26 . Retrieved 2013-11-27. Fish, Frank E.; Bostic, Sandra A.; Nicastro, Anthony J.; Beneski, John T. (2007). "Death roll of the alligator: mechanics of twist feeding in water". The Journal of Experimental Biology. 210 (16): 2811–2818. doi: 10.1242/jeb.004267. PMID 17690228. S2CID 8402869.Wednesday, 25 April 2012 Anna SallehABC (2012-04-25). "Antacid armour key to tetrapod survival". www.abc.net.au . Retrieved 2020-07-26. {{ cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( link) Answers to Some Nagging Questions". The Washington Post. 2008-01-17. ISSN 0190-8286 . Retrieved 2023-02-10. The genus Alligator belongs to the subfamily Alligatorinae, which is the sister taxon to Caimaninae (the caimans). Together, these two subfamilies form the family Alligatoridae. The cladogram below shows the phylogeny of alligators. [8] [9] Alligatoridae

Hale, Amber; Merchant, Mark; White, Mary (May 2020). "Detection and analysis of autophagy in the American alligator ( Alligator mississippiensis )". Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B: Molecular and Developmental Evolution. 334 (3): 192–207. doi: 10.1002/jez.b.22936. ISSN 1552-5007. PMID 32061056. S2CID 211122872. Gabrey, S. W. 2005. Impacts of the coypu removal program on the diet of American alligators ( Alligator mississippiensis) in south Louisiana. Report to Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, New Orleans. Hitler's Alligator - The Last German Prisoner of War in Russia. Mark Felton Productions. 2020-07-16. Archived from the original on 2021-06-14 . Retrieved 2021-09-07– via YouTube.Functioning salt glands: Crocodilians have modified salivary glands called salt glands on their tongues, but while these organs still excrete salt in crocodiles and gharials, those in most alligators and caimans have lost this ability, or excrete it in only extremely small quantities. [60] The ability to excrete excess salt allows crocodiles to better tolerate life in saline water and migrating through it. [60] Because alligators and caimans have lost this ability, they are largely restricted to freshwater habitats, although larger alligators do sometimes live in tidal mangroves and in very rare cases in coastal areas. [60] American Heritage Dictionaries (2007). Spanish Word Histories and Mysteries: English Words That Come From Spanish. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. pp. 13–15. ISBN 9780618910540.

Most of the muscle in an alligator's jaw evolved to bite and grip prey. The muscles that close the jaws are powerful, but the muscles for opening their jaws are weak. As a result, an adult human can hold an alligator's jaws shut bare-handed. It is common to use several wraps of duct tape to prevent an adult alligator from opening its jaws when being handled or transported. [32] Alligator Leap. Zooguy2. 2007-09-20. Archived from the original on 2021-07-10 . Retrieved 2021-09-07– via YouTube. Alligators are raised commercially for their meat and their skin, which when tanned is used for the manufacture of luggage, handbags, shoes, belts, and other leather items. Alligators also provide economic benefits through the ecotourism industry. Visitors may take swamp tours, in which alligators are a feature. Their most important economic benefit to humans may be the control of nutrias and muskrats. [26]

Kay, Jarren C.; Elsey, Ruth M.; Secor, Stephen M. (2020-05-01). "Modest Regulation of Digestive Performance Is Maintained through Early Ontogeny for the American Alligator, Alligator mississippiensis". Physiological and Biochemical Zoology. 93 (4): 320–338. doi: 10.1086/709443. ISSN 1522-2152. PMID 32492358. S2CID 219057993. Mark W. J. Ferguson; Ted Joanen (1982). "Temperature of egg incubation determines sex in Alligator mississippiensis". Nature. 296 (5860): 850–853. Bibcode: 1982Natur.296..850F. doi: 10.1038/296850a0. PMID 7070524. S2CID 4307265. Hastings, A. K.; Bloch, J. I.; Jaramillo, C. A.; Rincon, A. F.; MacFadden, B. J. (2013). "Systematics and biogeography of crocodylians from the Miocene of Panama". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 33 (2): 239. Bibcode: 2013JVPal..33..239H. doi: 10.1080/02724634.2012.713814. S2CID 83972694.